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不同红蓝光比例对番茄幼苗叶片结构及光合特性的影响
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引用本文:杨俊伟,鲍恩财,张珂嘉,潘铜华,曹晏飞,张 静,邹志荣.不同红蓝光比例对番茄幼苗叶片结构及光合特性的影响[J].西北农业学报,2018,27(5):716~726
DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2018.05.014
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作者单位
杨俊伟,鲍恩财,张珂嘉,潘铜华,曹晏飞,张 静,邹志荣 (1.西北农林科技大学 园艺学院陕西杨凌 7121002.农业部西北设施园艺工程重点实验室陕西杨凌 712100) 
基金项目:资源高效利用型设施蔬菜健康生产关键技术研究(2016ZB09);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(Z109021609)。
中文摘要:为了探讨番茄幼苗对不同比例红蓝光的响应机制,以‘金棚朝冠’为试验材料,采用LED光源,以白光为对照(W),研究不同红蓝光[(红光(R)、蓝光(B)]光质配比[红∶蓝=2 (2R1B),红∶蓝=1 (1R1B),红∶蓝=1/2 (1R2B)]对番茄幼苗生长、光合特性、叶片结构及叶绿体超微结构的影响。结果表明,1R1B处理下叶片中叶绿素a/b最高,显著高于对照及其他处理;不同比例红蓝光处理幼苗会导致叶片结构的改变,1R1B和1R2B处理下叶片的栅栏组织排列更整齐、紧密且与海绵组织有明显的界线;2R1B和1R1B 处理下,叶绿体基质、基粒片层清晰,基粒类囊体垛叠较多且排列整齐致密;W处理下叶片的净光合速率最高,与2R1B处理无显著差异,1R1B次之;叶片气孔导度随蓝光比例的增加先升后降,其中1R2B处理下气孔导度最高,而1R1B与B无显著差异;1R1B处理番茄幼苗植株比其他处理株型更加紧凑,且2R1B和1R1B处理显著提高番茄幼苗地下部和地上部的干物质积累量。综合分析,红蓝组合光能有效优化番茄叶片结构和叶绿体超微结构,从而影响叶片捕获光的能力,提高番茄幼苗的光合速率,进而促进番茄幼苗的干物质积累,因此,番茄幼苗生长较适合的光质配比是2R1B和1R1B 。
中文关键词:番茄  LED  红蓝光比例  叶片结构  光合特性
 
Effects of Different Ratios of Red and Blue Light on Anatomic Structure and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Tomato Leaf
Abstract:To explore the response mechanism of tomato seedlings to different red and blue light ratios,in this study,the LEDs were used as light sources with white light as control(W),the effects of red and blue light ratios on growth,photosynthetic characteristics,leaf structure and chloroplast ultrastructure were studied,using the ‘Jinpeng chaoguan’ as experimental material.The results show that chlorophyll a/b was significant higher under 1R1B compared to other treatments.The structure of leaves was changed under different treatments.We found the array of palisade tissue showed more neat and close under 1R1B and 1R2B treatments than R and B treatments,and the distinct boundary between palisade and sponge tissue was observed.The stroma and grana lamellae in the chloroplasts developed clearly,and grana thylakoids were stacked and arranged neatly and tightly under 2R1B and 1R1B than other treatments.The net photosynthesis rates of leaves under W were higher than other treatments,but there was no significant difference between W and 2R1B treatment,closely followed by 1R1B.The stomatal conductance of leaves increased gradually and then decreased with the increase of the blue light ratio.The stomatal conductance was the highest under 1R2B treatment,and there was no significant difference between 1R1B and B.Tomato plants under 1R1B treatment grew more compact and health compared with R and B treatments.The dry mass of root and shoot was significantly accumulated under 2R1B and 1R1B.The combination of red and blue light,which is beneficial for the improvement of photosynthetic rate due to the optimization of leaf structure and chloroplasts and further enhance the accumulation of dry matter in tomato seedlings.Overall,2R1B and 1R1B are the recommendable treatments for tomato seedling growth.
keywords:Tomato  LED  Red and blue light ratio  Leaf anatomic structure  Photosynthsis characteristics
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