| 航天诱变种苗大小对当归物候特征、抗逆生理特性及药材产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文：刘宇晓，郭凤霞，陈 垣，王红燕，焦旭升，金建琴，刘晓峰.航天诱变种苗大小对当归物候特征、抗逆生理特性及药材产量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2022,(3):335~344 |
| DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2022.03.009 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（31560175、31360317）；天士力现代中药资源有限公司委托项目-中药材当归及黄芪航天育种［XDZY-(2017)115、2019620005000036、202062000500072］；甘肃省现代农业中药材产业体系首席专家（GARS-ZYC-1）；国家中医药管理局项目（ZYBZH-Y-GS-11）。 |
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| 中文摘要:为了探索航天搭载对当归成药特性的诱变效应，通过对航天诱变当归种子育成种苗分级移栽，研究种苗大小对当归成药期物候特征、抗逆生理特性、农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明：种苗越大其返青率、移栽成活率、早期抽薹率越高，前期生长发育态势越好，表现为大苗成药栽培期株高、株幅、叶柄粗、复叶数、叶面积等生长发育指标优异；种苗大小对当归生长期膜脂过氧化程度及抗氧化酶活性具有显著影响，前期小苗抗氧化系统薄弱，膜脂过氧化程度大，后期大苗抗氧化活性低于小苗，膜脂过氧化程度变大；种苗大小对当归成药栽培产量具有显著影响，表现为小苗栽产量最高（6 382.46 kg/hm2），中苗栽次之（3 159.44 kg/hm2），大苗栽最低（1 073.48 kg/hm2）。可见，航天诱变育种对当归种苗的物候特征、抗逆性、产量及质量影响较大；因育成的小种苗移栽后产量较高，质量优异，可在后期研究和生产中选择小种苗移栽。 |
| 中文关键词:当归种苗 成药期 航天诱变 早期抽薹 阿魏酸 |
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| Effect of Seedlings Sizes by Space Mutagenesis on Phenology, Stress Physiological Characteristics and Medicinal Yield of Angelica sinensis |
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| Abstract:In order to explore the mutagenic effects of space flight on the medicinal properties of A.sinensis, the effect of seedling size on the phenological characteristics, stress-resistant physiological characteristics, agronomic traits and yield of A.sinensis was investigatedduring the medicinal period by transplanting seedlings from space flight-mutagenized A.sinensis seeds in a graded manner.The results showed that: 1. The bigger the seedling was, the higher the rate of regreening, transplanting survival rate and early bolting rate were, the better theearly growth and development situation were, the excellent growth and development indexes such as plant height, plant width, petiole diameter, number of compound leaves, and leaf area were shown; 2. The seedling size had a significant impact on the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activity in the long-term growth of A.sinensis, and the antioxidant system of early seedling was stable; 3. The seedling size had a significant effect on the yield of A.sinensis, the yield of small seedling was the highest(6 382.46 kg/hm2), middle seedling was the second(3 159.44 kg/hm2), and big seedling was the lowest (1 073.48 kg/hm2). It can be seen that aerospace mutagenesis breeding has a greater impact on the phenological characteristics, stress resistance, yield and quality of A.sinensis seedlings; because the small seedlings have higher yield and excellent quality after being ransplanted, so it can be selected for transplantaion in the after ward research and production. |
| keywords:Angelica sinensis seedling Cultivation Space-flight breeding Early bolting Ferulic acid |
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