| Abstract:In order to solve the problem of rapid and slow release of fertilizer and realize the goal of “one-time fertilization”. From 2016 to 2018, a special formula for rapid impact, slow-release organic and inorganic compound fertilizer in rape and its application methods were screened and verified in the fields.The test of formula and application method were that:after rape was mature, the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and dry matter quality in stems, horn shells and grains were detected, and then the effect of different formulas and application methods on yield, contribution rate of fertilizer and utilization rate of agriculture,etc.were studied. The optimal formula and application method of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer with rapid impact and slow-release were clarified..The results of verification test showed that the contrast test of conventional fertilizer and organic and inorganic compound fertilizer with rapid impact and slow-release in the same field were conducted in six tested sites. The formula screening test showed that each index of SH3(18-5-7) was significantly better than that of conventional fertilizer. The average yield, fertilizer contribution rate and agricultural utilization ratio of SH3 were 3 473 kg/hm,39.61%,5.56 kg/kg,respectively；application method test showed that the method of “basal application + topdressing” was more conducive to the transportation of nutrients to grains, thus increasing the yield and output value of rapeseed, followed by “one-time application of basal fertilizer”, but the difference between the two tests was not significant. Compared with conventional fertilization, the highest yield of “ basal application + topdressing” was 25.49% and 2 498 yuan/hm,respectively.The ratio of output to input was the highest in “one-time application of basal fertilizer”.The field comparison test showed that:In six tested sites, compared with conventional fertilizer, the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer with rapid impact and slow-release(SH3) increased the utilization rate of agriculture by 1.62 kg/kg, the contribution rate of fertilizer increased by 8.57%, the increase of production was 470 kg/hm, and the benefit was increased by 1 632 yuan/hm. SH3 was organic-inorganic compound fertilizer suitable for rape cultivation. The two methods of “base fertilizer one-time application” and “base fertilizer + topdressing” can significantly improve rapeseed yield, economic benefits and the ratio of output to input, and one fertilization method can be selected based on the actual situation of labor forces in different regions. |
