| 不同氮磷钾配比对‘北冰红’光合性能及产量和品质的影响 |
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| 引用本文：潘 越，王季姣，虎海防，李树德.不同氮磷钾配比对‘北冰红’光合性能及产量和品质的影响[J].西北农业学报,2025,(2):260~270 |
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| 摘要点击次数: 35 |
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| 基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目（2022B02045-2-3）；自治区“三农”骨干人才培养项目（2022SNGGHT084）。 |
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| 中文摘要:以新疆5 a的山葡萄‘北冰红’为研究对象，探讨氮、磷、钾不同施肥量对‘北冰红’光合特性、产量和品质的影响，为山葡萄在新疆的发展提供合理的施肥依据。采取“3414”施肥效应试验，测定氮、磷、钾不同施肥配比条件对果实成熟期‘北冰红’叶片光合特性、光合-光响应曲线（净光合速率（Pn）-光强（PAR）曲线）、产量和果汁基础理化性状，采用不同模型（直角双曲线模型（RH模型）、非直角双曲线模型（NRH模型）、指数模型（EX模型）、直角双曲线修正模型（MRH模型））对不同氮、磷、钾肥配比条件下的Pn-PAR曲线进行拟合，并分析光合参数（Pn、Tr、Ci、WUE）对产量和品质的响应。MRH模型Pn-PAR曲线拟合效果最佳，求解出的AQY、LCP和Rd、Pnmax和LSP最接近于实测值。结果表明，通过对‘北冰红’产量分析得出N2P2K3和N1P2K2的施肥配比，较N0P0K0配比单株产量分别提高了282.38%和234.43%；并通过果汁理化性状得出N2P2K3较N0P0K0在可溶性固形物、总酚、维生素C和总糖含量分别提高32.85%、30.77%、17.87%和 34.13%；N1P2K2较N0P0K0总酸降低72.61%，花色苷含量降低20.69%。综合比较分析，N、P2O5和K2O施肥（纯量）分别为93.568 kg/hm2、41.364 kg/hm2和109.355 kg/hm2时，能够提高‘北冰红’成熟期的光合特性、产量及品质。 |
| 中文关键词:北冰红 光合特性 产量 品质 |
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| Effects of Different Ratios of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on Photosynthetic Performance, Yield and Quality of ‘Beibinghong’ |
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| Abstract:To investigate the effects of different fertilization rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the photosynthetic characteristics, yield and quality of ‘Beibinghong’, by taking ‘Beibinghong’ as the research object in Xinjiang over five years, to provide a fertilization recommendations for Vitis amurensis Rupr. development in Xinjiang.The “3414” fertilization effect test was conducted to determine the effects of different fertilization rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the photosynthetic characteristics of ‘Beibinghong’ leaves, photosynthesis-light response curves (net photosynthesis rate (Pn)-light intensity (PAR) curves) at the fruit ripening stage, yield and juice-based physicochemical traits.Different models including the right-angle hyperbola (RH) model, non-right-angle hyperbola (NRH) model, exponential (EX) model, and modified right-angle hyperbola (MRH) model, were used to fit the Pn-PAR curves under different nitrogen, phosphorus, and potash fertilizer ratios, and to analyze the photosynthetic parameters (Pn, Tr, Ci, and WUE) on yield and quality responses. The Pn-PAR curve of MRH model was fitted best, and calculated AQY, LCP and Rd, Pnmax and LSP were closest to the measured values. The yield analysis of ‘Beibinghong’ yielded that the fertiliser ratios of N2P2K234 and N1P2K2 increased the yield of a single plant by 282.38% and 234.43%, respectively, compared to the N0P0K0 ratios. Through the physicochemical traits of the juice, it was concluded that N2P2K234 increased total soluble solids, total phenolics, vitamin, and total sugar content by 32.85%, 30.77%, 17.87%, and 34.13%, respectively, compared to N0P0K0. N1P2K2 reduced total acids by 72.61% and reduced anthocyanin content by 20.69% compared with N0P0K0.A comprehensive comparative analysis showed that fertilization with N, P2O5, and K2O at 93.568 kg/hm2, 41.364 kg/hm2, and 109.355 kg/hm2, respectively, effectively improves the photosynthetic characteristics, yield, and quality of ‘Beibinghong’ during the ripening period. |
| keywords:Beibinghong Photosynthetic characteristics Yield Quality |
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