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盐单胞菌L6对盐碱胁迫下棉花促生特性及发酵优化研究
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引用本文:郭珂妤,张 凯,杨 柳,张志东,朱 静,易鸳鸯,葛春辉,唐光木,徐万里,顾美英.盐单胞菌L6对盐碱胁迫下棉花促生特性及发酵优化研究[J].西北农业学报,2025,(4):639~652
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郭珂妤,张 凯,杨 柳,张志东,朱 静,易鸳鸯,葛春辉,唐光木,徐万里,顾美英 (1.新疆农业大学 资源与环境学院乌鲁木齐 8300522.新疆农业科学院 微生物应用研究所/新疆特殊环境微生物实验室乌鲁木齐 8300913.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所乌鲁木齐 8300914.农业农村部盐碱土改良与利用(干旱半干旱区盐碱地)重点实验室乌鲁木齐 830091) 
基金项目:自治区重大科技专项(2022A02007-4-4);国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1900802);新疆农业科学院稳定支持专项(xjnkywdzc-2023002-3-2);国家自然科学基金(32360033)
中文摘要:通过盆栽试验,测定盐单胞菌(Halomonas sp.)L6在盐碱胁迫下对棉花生长、根际土壤理化性质和微生物的影响,同时优化发酵条件。结果表明,与对照处理相比,L6浸种显著促进了棉花的生长,使其发芽率、茎长和鲜质量分别提高了21.88%、15.11%和23.35%(P<0.05);降低了盐碱胁迫对植株的伤害,叶片丙二醛含量降低13.61%(P<0.05),脯氨酸含量升高10.12%(P<0.05),苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性升高13.04%(P<0.05);改善了盐碱土壤生态环境,其根际土壤电导率降低了7.69%,有机质含量提高了5.82%;Biolog生态板表明L6浸种棉花根际土壤微生物Shannon多样性指数增加了14.40%(P<0.05),并增强了微生物群落对糖类、氨基酸类、羧酸类和酚酸类碳源的利用强度。为进一步提高该菌株的活性,分别采用单因素试验和响应面法对菌株L6发酵培养基组分和培养条件进行了摇瓶水平发酵条件优化。结果表明,菌株L6最适培养基配方为:蔗糖23.61 g/L,牛肉浸粉17.94 g/L,MgSO4 8.41 g/L;最适发酵条件为:初始pH 7.0、2% NaCl、温度28 ℃、接种量2%、转速160 r/min、装液量50 mL/500 mL三角瓶,培养时间14 h。在此配方下发酵液活菌数达2.5×1010 cfu/mL,较原始配方活菌数显著提高了56.25%(P<0.05)。盆栽试验表明优化后的菌悬液浸种较未优化处理棉花发芽率、茎长、根长和鲜质量分别显著提高了85.71%、12.60%、39.53%和33.33%(P<0.05),说明菌株优化对棉花生长有显著影响。盐单胞菌L6可作为一株高效微生物资源,在微生物菌剂产业化生产和新疆盐碱地改良等方面具有潜在的应用价值。
中文关键词:盐单胞菌  盐碱胁迫  棉花  促生作用  发酵优化
 
Growth-promoting Characteristics and Fermentation Optimization of Halomonas sp.L6 in Cotton under Saline-alkali Stress
Abstract:A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of L6 (Halomonas sp.) on cotton growth, rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties and soil microorganisms under saline-alkali stress.Fermentation conditions were optimized to enhance strain activity.The results showed that compared with CK, cotton growth in germination rate, stem length, and fresh weight increased by 21.88%, 15.11%, and 23.35%, respectively (P<0.05).L6 alleviated the detrimental effects of saline-alkali stress by reducing leaf malondialdehyde (MDA) content by 13.61% (P<0.05) and increasing proline (PRO) content and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity by 10.12% and 13.04%, respectively (P<0.05).Moreover, L6 improved the rhizosphere soil environment by decreasing electrical conductivity by 7.69% and increasing organic matter content by 5.82%.The Biolog microplate analysis revealed that treatment with L6t increased the Shannon diversity index of soil microbial communities by 14.40% (P<0.05) and enhanced the community’s utilization of carbohydrates, amino acids, carboxylic acids, and phenolic acids.To further improve the activity of the strain, fermentation medium and culture conditions for strain L6 were optimized using single factor experiment, response surface methodology.The optimal medium composition included sucrose (23.61 g/L), beef extract (17.94 g/L), and MgSO4 (8.41 g/L).Optimal culture conditions were determined as pH 7.0, 2% (w/v) NaCl, temperature 28 ℃, inoculum size 2%, rotational speed 160 r/min, liquid volume 50 mL/500 mL flask, and incubation time 14 hours.Under these conditions, the viable bacterial count reached 2.5×1010 cfu/mL, representing a significant 56.25% increase compared to the original formulation (P<0.05).Pot experiments showed that the optimized bacterial suspension soaking significantly increased the germination rate, stem length, root length, and fresh weight of cotton by 85.71%, 12.60%, 39.53%, and 33.33%, respectively, compared to unoptimized strain (P<0.05).These findings, indicate that Halomonas.sp L6 holds significant potential as a high-efficiency microbial resource for industrial-scale microbial agent production and the remediation of saline-alkali soils in Xinjiang.
keywords:Halomonas  Salt-alkali stress  Cotton  Growth-promoting effect  Fermentation optimization
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