| 耐低氮棉花种质的筛选及评价 |
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| 引用本文：张 文，逯 涛，曾庆涛，王政洋，杨 芮，赵富强.耐低氮棉花种质的筛选及评价[J].西北农业学报,2026,(3):439~446 |
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| 基金项目:“天山英才”青年科技拔尖人才项目-基层科技骨干人才（2022TSYCJC0061）；新疆生产建设兵团第七师胡杨河市财政科技计划（2024C03）；财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-15-41）。 |
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| 中文摘要:以51份棉花种质材料为研究对象，设置低氮（N0）和正常氮（N345）2个处理，通过变异分析、相关性分析、主成分分析、隶属函数分析、逐步回归分析等方法，系统评价棉花种质材料的耐低氮能力。结果表明，51份棉花种质材料在两个氮水平下存在显著差异，大部分指标如株高、果枝数、单株结铃数等在N0处理下均出现下降，而氮素利用效率和衣分则有所提升。主成分分析提取5个主成分，贡献率分别为31.054%、17.783% 、12.875%、11.926%、7.295%，累积贡献率达80.933%。运用模糊隶属函数方法得到各棉花种质耐氮效率综合评价值D值，其中‘鲁棉319’‘鲁棉303’‘新陆中74号’‘新陆中80号’‘新陆早74号’‘新陆早63’号的D值较大（0.560~0.609），展现出较强的抗低氮胁迫能力，是耐低氮型品种；‘新陆早58号’‘新陆中71号’‘中7700’‘皖棉LHM9’‘新陆中77号’‘新陆早62号’的D值相对较小（0.151~0.286），其耐低氮胁迫能力较弱，是氮敏感型品种。通过分析筛选出总干物质质量、马克隆值、单株结铃数、地下部氮素积累量及株高作为鉴定棉花耐低氮能力的关键指标，筛选出的耐低氮种质资源为棉花减氮稳产栽培及耐低氮品种选育提供了重要的理论依据和材料基础。 |
| 中文关键词:耐低氮 棉花 筛选 评价 隶属函数法 |
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| Screening and Evaluation of Low-Nitrogen Tolerant Cotton Germplasm |
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| Abstract:The low-nitrogen tolerance of 51 cotton germplasm accessions was systematically evaluated under two nitrogen levels\[low nitrogen(N0) and normal nitrogen(N345)\] using analysis of variance(ANOVA), correlation analysis, principal component analysis, fuzzy membership function analysis, and stepwise regression analysis.The results showed significant differences among the 51 cotton germplasm accessions at both nitrogen concentration levels.Under the N0 treatment, most traits, including plant height, fruiting branch number, boll numbers, decreased, whereas nitrogen use efficiency and lint percentage increased.Principal component analysis extracted five principal components, with contribution rates of 31.054%, 17.783%, 12.875%, 11.926%, and 7.295%, respectively, and a cumulative contribution rate of 80.933%.Based on the fuzzy membership function method, the comprehensive evaluation value(D value) for low-nitrogen tolerance of each cotton germplasm accession was calculated.Among them, ‘Lumian 319’ ‘Lumian 303’ ‘Xinluzhong 74’ ‘Xinluzhong 80’ ‘Xinluzao 74’ and ‘Xinluzao 63’ exhibited relatively high D values(0.560-0.609), indicating strong low-nitrogen stress tolerance and were therefore classified as low-nitrogen tolerant varieties.In contrast, ‘Xinluzao 58’‘Xinluzhong 71’ ‘Zhong 7700’ ‘Wanmian LHM9’ ‘Xinluzhong 77’ and ‘Xinluzao 62’ showed weak tolerance to low-nitrogen stress and were classified as low-nitrogen-sensitive varieties.The analysis identified total dry matter mass, micronaire, boll number, root nitrogen accumulation, and plant height as key indicators for evaluating low-nitrogen tolerance in cotton.The low-nitrogen tolerant germplasm accessions identified in this study provide an important theoretical basis and materials basis for reduced-nitrogen cultivation and breeding of low-nitrogen tolerant cotton varieties. |
| keywords:Low-nitrogen tolerance Cotton Identification Evaluation Membership function method |
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